GROCERY BASKET PRICE INDEX
Latest data: August 2026 Released: September 11, 2026 Next update: October 14, 2026

Explainer

Why is milk so expensive?

Milk has eased off its peak but stays elevated: a gallon averages $4.23, +1.4% versus a year ago, as feed costs and herd size set the farm price.

  • 2 min read
  • Data through August 2026
  • BLS-based
Quick answer

Milk prices follow the farm price of raw milk.

A gallon of whole, fortified milk averages $4.23 — 2% below the June 2026 record and +1.4% versus last year.

+1% vs. a year ago

Where milk prices stand

Milk has eased off its peak but stays elevated: a gallon of whole, fortified milk averaged $4.23 in August 2026, +1.4% from a year earlier and −1.9% from the prior month — leaving it 2% below the June 2026 record.

What drives milk prices

Retail milk tracks the farm price of raw milk, which turns on three things: how many cows are in the national herd, how much each cow produces, and what it costs to feed them. Because milk is produced continuously and spoils fast, there is little room to store it, so prices shift as supply and demand move through the year. Federal milk marketing orders and dairy programs also shape what farmers are paid, and that flows through to the carton — which is why milk can climb even when storable dairy like butter or cheese is easing.

A real shelf price

Every figure here is the BLS average retail price for a gallon of whole milk, tracked monthly since July 1995 — an actual dollar amount shoppers paid, not a wholesale quote or a forecast.

Illustration related to why is milk so expensive?

Frequently asked questions

How much does a gallon of milk cost right now?

Whole, fortified milk averaged $4.23 per gallon at the U.S. city average in August 2026, per BLS CPI Average Price Data.

Why are milk prices rising?

Retail milk tracks the farm price of raw milk, set by the size of the dairy herd, output per cow and feed costs. Milk is +1.4% year over year as of August 2026.

Is milk at a record high?

As of August 2026 milk is 2% below the June 2026 record of $4.32 (June 2026).

Sources and methodology

Data through August 2026 · Editorial prose reviewed for August 2026 · Source data is independently analyzed by Basket Report and does not imply BLS endorsement.

Explore milk prices

See the full price history and how milk tracks the dairy herd and feed costs.

See all item prices

The Receipt — the monthly grocery-price brief

Get the new basket total, the biggest grocery-price changes, and one shareable chart on CPI release morning.